A Little More about George Wilkins, Courtesy of Wikipedia

Gee whiz!  Can y’all believe it’s the end of December?  
Well, I wanted to sneak in one last post before the new year.  
I’ve been thinking a lot about authorship these days.  Now, I personally believe that William Shakespeare did in fact write all of the plays attributed to him (partly because of a documentary I saw by Michael Wood called
In Search of Shakespeare, which I highly recommend, it’s on Netflix
if you’re curious...no, really, I’ll wait...),
I don’t think it was some Earl somewhere or Marlowe or whatever
other theories are floating out there...we have a lot of information about him from documents meticulously kept by the Elizabethan government, numerous speculative books
and of course, the plays themselves.
  
But as far as Pericles is concerned, it’s not just Shakespeare that influenced the story,
there is in fact another author to learn about!
  
I was curious about this fellow, the circumstances surrounding his authorship of Pericles--
did he write just the first two acts, with Shakespeare coming in to clean up the mess?
or did he come back later and tack on the beginning to a fragment Shakespeare had penned?
--and his background, so I decided to do a little investigation into the
mysterious past of George Wilkins, the illustrious co-author of Pericles, Prince of Tyre.
Picture


Not to be confused with George Hubert Wilkins
the noted
Australian Polar explorer:




 Though, I prefer to think of him like this anyhow.

Source

George Wilkins (the correct and not quite as dashing one...though we don’t know,
because I couldn’t find any pictures of him to the contrary)
died in 1618, though apparently had no birth date.  

He was an innkeeper on Cow-Cross Street, London, in an area now known as Clerkenwell near Smithfield Market and the Farringdon Tube Station.  Back in Jacobean times,
 this area was considered a “haunt of whores and theives”
and good old George seemed to be in the thick of the action.  

Most records of his life stem from his appearances in court for such brutal acts as
kicking a pregnant woman in the belly as well as other instances of thievery and violence.  
Perhaps this is why the bawd scenes in Pericles are so viscerally disgusting:
whether Wilkins wrote that part or not, it is thought that Wilkins was in fact
the real-life version of the low down pimp,  Pandar.
Picture




An old cartoon of Cow-Cross.  
Looks cheery, huh?






Source


Wilkins’ literary history is interesting as well; he co-authored a few plays and was most
known for his work as a pamphleteer.
 He also published a novel entitled
The Painful Adventures of Pericles, Prince of Tyre, which is not only told by the old storyteller
John Gower (who also appears in the play version of Pericles), but follows the story of the play extremely closely.  Here’s the
whole text of that novel, if you’re in the least bit curious--
I read the first few paragraphs and my brain started hurting, very dense.

Any who, that is the extent of information to be found on Mr. Wilkins by my roving eye.  
I will admit that I did not search extremely diligently while picking up my kernels of wisdom and
 that I credit it all to this article, right
here.  

At the very least, our George seemed like an interesting fellow,
I’m curious how he came to be associated with the King’s Men in the first place, but,
whatever his actual relationship to Shakespeare was,
he should feel quite proud of himself that his name has found its way onto stages
and into books beyond his misdeeds and unread pamphlets.
 
 
Picture



Pericles is one of those peculiar plays no one really knows what to do with.  I’ve told people that American Bard is doing Pericles for its spring show and they have given me
varying responses of,
 “Oh, Pericles…that’s a hard one…
what’s it about again?”  

This Guy (Source)

Of course, like most Shakespeare plays that have some root in history, the actual historical facts are bent somewhat; but yes, it is about one of the greatest figures in Greek history, Pericles.  It recounts his adventures to various cities at the edges of the known Greek world, the people he meets, the love he finds and loses and then finds again, and his growth as a human being throughout this life-spanning journey.  It has all the juicy features we love in a good Jacobian drama: incest, attractive royalty, dance, dumb shows, music, exotic locations and people—actually, for how little produced it is in our time, it was one of the most popular plays in Shakespeare’s own era. 

There are a few problems textually with Pericles, however, the first one being that Shakespeare didn’t actually write all of it.   There’s a very clear demarcation between what one of my teachers at RADA called the “crap verse” of Shakespeare’s most likely co-writer George Wilkins and the Bard’s own handiwork (the supposed shift happens in Act III Sc. 1, read the scenes before and afterwards and respond back in the comment section, I’d love to hear opinions on this!).
Picture

 
In order to make it work today I’ve seen directors
paint it with every kind of concept one could think of,
from classic Greek…

                                         
Like My Production at RADA…
yes I’m wearing a turban, don’t ask.
(Source)

Picture




To productions where Pericles
is making his voyage in a spaceship across
 the vast regions of outer space.



       
        That Thaisa is one hot space babe.
(Source)

Now, to be clear, there is nothing terribly wrong with setting Shakespeare plays in different time periods per se…but in my mind plays like Pericles and other works by Shakespeare reside in their own particular niche in the present.  They aren’t period pieces, fixed hard fast to a time, but constantly changing worlds based on the current epoch’s sensibility and understanding.  I mean if you think about it, Shakespearean histories produced during Shakespeare’s own time weren’t actually portrayed in the era in which they were set—every play produced was done in the actors’ finest Elizabethan garb and maybe a toga if they were doing Julius Caesar or something. 
Picture


You can slap a time period on any Shakespeare play to make a statement, or just to make it cheaper to produce by not spending hundreds of dollars on traditional Elizabethan hoop skirts and bum rolls,
but I think the most interesting productions I’ve seen don’t impose any specific era on the text, but rather create their own world, their own adventure by listening to how the story uniquely speaks to them. 






Bum Rolls!

That’s the most important part of plays like Pericles!  The adventure!  The best productions take you on an adventure of some kind, whether it be an emotional journey or twists and turns of a plot, or simply the world in which the story resides.  This is what makes pieces exciting to me, at least—because what’s the point of seeing a play, or any art for that matter, if it doesn’t transport you to a different facet of reality for awhile?  Just like returning home after a long voyage, you always look at your life a bit differently.  After our last company meeting, I’m super excited to begin American Bard’s journey into Pericles and I have no doubt that come spring we’ll be taking audiences on quite an interesting adventure…

So I guess the moral to be had from all this talk of eras, bum rolls, and crap verse is that there is much to be learned from other points in time, yes, and history does indeed have its place in theater…but as far as molding the world of a piece, there is something to be said for creating something not completely of a specific time, but rather letting it reside in the imagination. 


To find out more about Pericles, Elizabethan Times, or anything else I mentioned in this article, I suggest reading Will in the World by Stephen Greenblatt and checking out Wikipedia.org for other interesting reads.